Viral hepatitis A, B, & C

Preventive screening for viral hepatitis A, B, and C is essential for early detection and management, especially for individuals at higher risk. Here’s an overview:

Hepatitis A

• Screening: Routine screening is not common since hepatitis A is usually acute and resolves on its own. However, blood tests can detect antibodies (IgM and IgG) to confirm recent or past infection.
• Prevention: Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure, recommended for children, travellers to high-risk areas, and individuals with chronic liver disease.

Hepatitis B

• Screening: Blood tests are used to detect:
• HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen): Indicates active infection.
• Anti-HBs (antibodies): Shows immunity from vaccination or past infection.
• Anti-HBc (core antibodies): Indicates past or ongoing infection.
• Recommendations: Screening is advised for pregnant women, individuals with high-risk behaviours, and those from regions with high HBV prevalence.

Hepatitis C

• Screening: Blood tests detect HCV antibodies and confirm active infection with an HCV RNA test.
• Recommendations: Universal screening is recommended at least once for all adults, with periodic testing for high-risk groups like those with a history of intravenous drug use.