Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine. It is a functional condition, meaning the digestive tract looks normal but doesn’t function as it should.

Symptoms

• Abdominal pain or cramping
• Bloating and excess gas
• Diarrhoea, constipation, or alternating between the two
• Mucus in the stool
• Feeling of incomplete bowel evacuation

Causes

• The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but contributing factors may include:
• Abnormal muscle contractions in the intestine
• Increased sensitivity of the gut’s nervous system
• Inflammation or infections in the intestines
• Changes in gut microbiota

Types of IBS

• IBS-C: Predominantly constipation
• IBS-D: Predominantly diarrhea
• IBS-M: Mixed bowel habits (both constipation and diarrhea)

Treatment

• While IBS doesn’t cause permanent damage to the intestines, managing symptoms is key:
• Dietary Changes: Low FODMAP diet, increased fiber intake, or avoiding trigger foods.
• Medications: Antispasmodics, laxatives, or anti-diarrheal drugs.
• Lifestyle Adjustments: Stress management, regular exercise, and adequate hydration.